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Are Weblogs Journalism?

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Wrong Question
9/15/2002 11:20:40 AM
Posted By: Alan Herrell the head lemur

Wrong question. A weblog is an Internet text/image journal on the screen, in the majority of cases by an individual and personal in nature with the possibility of having a viewership far beyond one's own screen.

Can Journalists be Webloggers is the more important question. Taken as a given that journalists will use their training and education for accuracy, their passion for their material and reasoned articulation of their viewpoints, the freedom to publish what they consider news, analysis and commentary without the constraints of column inches, editorial cancellations, or other concerns, is in a lot of cases too much freedom.

Should Journalists be Webloggers? The answer is yes. For the reasons mentioned above and also to demonstrate good writing, which in the majority of webblog discussions is pointed to as why they don't do it. So step up to the plate and show us how it is done.

Weblogs are about passion and communication. They are not about money or fame. Seems to me that Journalism is about passion and communication.

Process vs. product
9/13/2002 5:40:47 PM
Posted By: Patrick Cooper

The process vs. product debate is an interesting one, but I'd say journalism is a product. Defining a necessary process is a slippery slope, considering journalism's history. If journalism requires specifically trained editors and presentation specialists, then we have to throw out everything before the last century or two.

Self-editing and free production methods (like from Blogger.com, for instance) simply strip away some of the elaborations of modern journalism.

Expanding on Rich's definition
9/13/2002 4:39:31 PM
Posted By: Cole Campbell

I like Rich's approach to defining journalism. Here are two more elements to add to his definition: purpose and context.

"Journalism has three components: the topics that are covered, the purpose of the coverage, and the nature of the coverage. The topics are recent events, trends or patterns in the world around us in relation to their context ("recent" distinguishes journalism from history, "trends or patterns" goes beyond specific occurrences, "context" is the necessary element in establishing the meaning or significance of events, trends and patterns). The purpose of the coverage, generally, is to connect people with public occurrences and public inquiry into the course public action should take. This coverage should be disinterested in the sense of not advancing the self-interests of the journalists, but interested in the sense of caring about the quality of public life. The nature of the coverage falls into three categories: reporting (what's happening), analysis (why it's happening) and commentary (the journalist's insight into what's happening and why)."

Context is important because it shapes the meaning of events, trends or patterns. The day's high temperature is an event, but it isn't really news unless the context makes it news -- a record, a shift in weather patterns with signficance to people, or even -- and this stretches it a bit -- a piece of arresting data once unknown (as in "That's news to me."). A newspaper may always publish the high and low temperature as a matter of meteorological record, just as it publishes lots of other data that isn't exactly news.

Purpose is the most debatable element -- especially the purpose I've put forward here. Purpose implies intended use: A journalist intends her work to be useful/used in a particular way. I think it is important to add a dimension of purpose; otherwise Lenny Bruce was a journalist in that he offered commentary on contemporary events, trends and patterns. His primary purpose was aesthetic/artistic in the form of comedy and satire; the public-service elements -- arousing people's indignation, giving them searing insights into the current scene -- were secondary to creating aesthetic or artistic effects through humor. (This distinction would place Dave Barry in the category of a newspaper humorist, not a newspaper journalist.) A weblog that is primarily about the voice of its producer, as opposed to its usefulness to those who read for more than entertainment, may not be journalism. The web logs I've read all seem to be journalistic.

Similarly, columnists or commentators who emerge out of politics into journalism but nonetheless persist in framing all their columns or commentaries from a self-interested frame-of-reference -- doggedly defending an ideological or political record, for example -- would not be journalists. William Safire is a journalist, Pat Buchanan is not, even though both were Nixon speechwriters. That doesn't mean that Pat Buchanan should not be allowed a column or television gig, just that there may be value in making a distinction between analysts and advocates. And this doesn't mean that news organizations can never be advocates -- just that their crusades or editorial campaigns or commentaries must be expressions of disinterest in themselves and interest in public life.

I'm not ready to say the purpose that I've offered here -- "to connect people with public occurrences and public inquiry," disinterested v. interested -- is my definitive take. I'm still thinking that through. What I like about it is that it addresses the notion that journalism connects people to something beyond their private existence, something that is shared with others. I think stories that help parents deal with their children in the wake of Columbine fits this definition, even though the emphasis is on private actions in the wake of a public occurrence. I think much of what is known as "service journalism" -- how to bake a cake in the food section, personal advice from Ann or Abby or whoever is writing their columns now -- is not journalism per se, but worthy non-fiction. Most comic strips are not journalism, but some -- Boondocks, Doonesbury, the old Pogo, Dilbert -- are. Unlike comedians, these cartoonists, like editorial cartoonists, give particular weight to commentary on public occurrences.

A definition limited to topic and treatment encompasses advertising: A grocer, car dealer, etc., reports and comments on new prices and special deals. Advertising is important and compelling content that drives readership/viewership, but it's not journalism. Some notion of purpose beyond private interest, it seems to me, is an essential element in defining journalism.

Editing is part of journalism, too
9/13/2002 2:25:15 PM
Posted By: Donica Mensing

Isn't journalism more of a process than a product? The process of gathering information about a timely topic, preparing it for presentation to the public, and then having it edited by folks trained to fine tune the presentation -- turns "information," "or "top of my head musings" into "journalism." I think of blogs as "pre-journalism" -- a great way to talk out loud, stimulate ideas, point people to interesting stuff. But it's not "journalism" in terms of a product produced by a systematic process.

Sure, it's reporting if...
9/13/2002 2:05:47 PM
Posted By: Patrick Cooper

Sure, it's reporting if someone else gains some value from the information you present. Otherwise, where do you draw a line? Do a certain number of people need to gain value from information for reporting to be valid? That logic wouldn't fly at a lot of small-town American newspapers.

Broken laundry machines aren't going to make the front page of the New York Times or any newspaper. But if you can pass the word along to a few other folks, then, in a micro way, you're doing reporting.

That's Reporting?
9/13/2002 9:46:02 AM
Posted By: Eric Michaels

Let me see if I understand this: You go to the laundry mat, you lose some quarters in a machine, you write about it in your Weblog. And THAT'S considered reporting? That seems to set a rather low -- not to mention incredibly egocentric -- standard. Shoot, if reporting means describing what happens to you, then Jerry Seinfeld is the world's greatest reporter.

Journalist, Literally
9/12/2002 11:09:35 PM
Posted By: John Hagstrand

We had journalists before we had newspapers. A journalist is one who keeps a journal. Log is another word for journal. So weblogging is web journalism.



Blog as journalism?
9/12/2002 9:22:53 PM
Posted By: Jennifer Kronstain

I have been keeping a web log for a few months now.

The web log is without question an interesting tool in our culture, but it's just another pipeline.

How that fits in with the the larger questions that surround how we do journalism today (24-hour news channels, news ticker crawls, instant analysis, etc.) remains to be seen.

"Are Weblogs Journalism?"
9/12/2002 8:32:20 PM
Posted By: Patrick Cooper

From Rich Gordon's 9/12 post:
"Using this definition, most topical Weblogs clearly contain two of the three -- analysis and commentary. There's a bigger question about reporting. In some Weblogs, the reporting consists of pointing readers to what's been published on other Web sites, with no other information gathered by the author. In my view, a hyperlink alone is not journalism. But if you add analysis and/or commentary, it feels like journalism to me. Otherwise, William Safire, David Broder and Tom Friedman aren't journalists."

I would argue the reporting point. I think Weblogs are doing much more reporting than they generally receive credit for. But most of the mainstream press coverage seems to have ignored it. Instead, the press focuses on two groups of bloggers:
1) the Andrew Sullivans and Eric Altermans of the world. Why? The writers have national recognition.
2) the Jim Romeneskos of the world. Why? The sites have national recognition.

The press coverage is geographically top-down, as is most technology news. On the Internet, it's much easier to find the biggest names than the most local. So when even metro newspapers go to write the Weblog trend story, they focus on the big shots. Out of this coverage, we hear about what these big shots do best. Sullivan and Alterman do analysis and commentary. Romenesko does links.

But as with any top-down approach, the little guy gets attention last. And in world of Weblogs now, it's the little guy who is doing the reporting. This reporting has a different style than we (the media-consuming public) are accustomed to today. In the current media landscape, we are used to behemoth-filtered news. Corporations, chains and CNNFOXMSNBC (as Drudge would put it) in every American newsroom. But somewhere in the White Noise, the little guy-bloggers are practicing a throwback: super-local journalism.

Super-local is not for the masses. It's for Me the Blogger, the people I know and anyone else who happens to stumble past. With this nature, it's easily ridiculued and ignored by the press. Super-local journalism is a first- and second-person medium. When the press tries to play its usual role as the third person, it misses the point. Say a blogger goes to the
laundromat and mild hilarity ensues. Of course a paid observer isn't going to find that interesting. But the blogger's online social circle and the online passers-by are going to think the story is interesting and funny. It's a certain-win situation with this audience. If one knows about the blogger, one learns about the laundromat. If one knows about aundromats, one learns about the blogger.

Super-local is a return to person-to-person news reporting. It's Caveman Blog standing on the mountain top, pounding out the news for the next mountain over to hear. "I saw fire down in valley today," Caveman Blog says. Miles away, no one cares. But the next mountain over sure does. So does anyone stopping by these mountains.

In its present stage, the super-local reporting style is still as primitive as Caveman Blog. The tools prevent the style from seeing greater distribution. Many bloggers present their life reporting online, but they often find the work of geographically nearby people only through physical word of mouth. Further down the road, if this reporting style is going to live, tools must be created to better take advantage of the super-local nature. Any kind of local journalism can only thrive if it has real world relevance. Blogging's super-local take has this possibility, but tools and technologies need to make it far more pervasive and thus useful.

Say, at the laundromat one day, washing machine number six ate someone's quarters. That person blogged about it. If you go to the same laundromat, wouldn't you want to hear that story before trying the same machine? Yes. Is this news? Yes, again. A quarter-eating washing machine is silly, soft news, but it's information being gathered and shared. It's only part of someone's day, anyway. One can easily imagine harder news getting blogged too.

I don't know how many bloggers out there follow the super-local reporting style, but most of the ones I know do. They see it as sharing instances of their lives with others. They don't see this service as important. But because we each approach our world down-to-top every day, their sharing of instances is news to us. Although out of the spotlight and still in its
infancy, their work is indeed valuable reporting. Otherwise, Charles Kuralt and Caveman Blog aren't journalists.

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